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最終更新 2004.8.22.
生物学の哲学を中心とする研究文献を紹介します。
次の二冊のアンソロジーでかなり収集できます。この二冊への再録は色づけしておきます（前者は出版直後に入手しましたが、誤植がたいへん多かった印象があります）。
C.Allen, M.Bekoff and G.Lauder eds.,
Nature's Purposes: Analyses of Function and Design in Biology, Cambridge,Mass.,1998.
D.J.Buller ed.,
Function,
Selection, and Design, Albany,1999.
アリストテレスの目的論 (Aristotelian Teleology) に関する研究文献は、とりあえず、次をご参照ください。
『自然の探究におけるアリストテレスの学問方法論に関する研究』文献表
Ⅲ．『自然学』研究, 2.3.目的論
(III. Physica, 2.3. Teleology)
カントについては、例えば、
J.D. McFarland, Kant's Concept of Teleology, Edinburgh, 1970.
J.D.マクファーランド『カントの目的論』副島善道訳, 行路社, 1992.
P. McLaughlin, Kant's Critique of Teleology in Biological
Explanation, Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 1990.
E S. Russell, Form and Function: A Contribution to the History of Animal
Morphology, London, 1916.
E. S. ラッセル『動物の形態学と進化』坂井建雄訳, 三省堂, 1993.
1940s
A.Rosenblueth, N.Wiener and J.Bigelow, "Behavior, Purpose, and Teleology",
Philosophy of Science 10,1943.
reprinted in J.Canfield ed., Purpose in Nature, Englewood Cliffs,1966.
1950s
E. Nagel, "Mechanistic Explanation and Organismic Biology",
Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 11,1950.
reprinted
in B.A.Brody and R.E. Grandy eds., Readings in the Philosophy of
Science, Englewood Cliffs, 1989.
E. Nagel, "Teleological Explanation and Teleological Systems",
in H. Feigl
and M. Brodbeck eds., Readings in the Philosophy of Science, New York,1953.
R. B. Braithwaite, Scientific Explanation, Cambridge,1953. Ch. X.
I. Scheffler, "Thoughts on Teleology",
British Journal for the Philosophy
of Science 9,1958.
E. Nagel, "Formalization of Functionalism",
in
E. Nagel, Logic without Metaphysics, Glencoe,1956.
C. G. Hempel, "The Logic of Functional Analysis",
in L. Gross ed., Symposium on Sociological Theory, New York,1959.
reprinted with revisions in his Aspects of Scientific Explanation and Other
Essays in the Philosophy of Science,
New York,1965.
M. Beckner, The Biological Way of Thought, New York: Columbia University
Press,
1959, Berkeley: University of California Press,1968.
1960s
E.Nagel, The Structure of Science, New York,1961, Indianapolis, n.d.
Ch.12.
ナーゲル『科学の構造』松野安男訳, 明治図書出版, 1968-1969.
reprinted as "The Structure of Teleological
Explanations" in E.Sober ed.,Conceptual Issues in Evolutionary Biology,
Cambridge,Mass.,1984.
E.Mayr, "Cause and Effect in Biology",
Science 134,1961.
reprinted in D.Lerner ed.,Cause and Effect, New York,1965.
reprinted in E. Mayr, Towards a New Philosophy of Biology, Cambridge, Mass.,1988.
「生物学における原因と結果」八杉貞雄・新妻昭夫訳『進化論と生物哲学』東京化学同人,1994.
M. J. S. Rudwick, "The Inference of Function from Structure in Fossils",
British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 15,1964.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
R. Sorabji, "Function",
Philosophical Quarterly 14,1964.
J. Canfield, "Teleological Explanations in Biology",
British Journal for the
Philosophy of Science 14,1964.
C.Taylor, The Explanation of Behavior, London,1964.
W. Bock and G. Wahlert, "Adaptation the Form-Function Complex", 19,1965.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
H. Lehman, "Functional Explanations in Biology",
Philosophy of Science 32,1965.
G. C. Williams, Adaptation and Natural Selection, Princeton,1966.
reprinted as "Adaptation and Natural Selection" (excerpted) in Michael Ruse ed.,
Philosophy of Biology, New York,1989, Amherst: Prometheus Books,1998.
J.Canfield ed., Purpose in Nature, Englewood Cliffs,1966.
F.Ayala, "Biology as an Autonomous Science",
American Scientist 56,1968.
M. Beckner, "Teleology"
in P.Edwards eds., The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, New York,
1968.
M. Beckner, "Function and Teleology",
Journal of the History of Biology 2,1969.
reprinted in M.Grene and E.Mendelsohn eds., Topics in the
Philosophy of Biology, Dordrecht, 1976.
1970s
F.J.Ayala,"Teleological Explanation in Evolutionary Biology",
Philosophy of Science 37,1970.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
M.E.Ruse,"Function Statements in Biology",
Philosophy of Science 38,1971.
L.Wright,"Explanation and Teleology",
Philosophy of Science
39,1972.
reprinted in B.A.Brody and R.E. Grandy eds., Readings in
the Philosophy of Science, Englewood Cliffs, 1989.
W.C.Wimsatt, "Teleology and the Logical Structure of Functional
Statements",
3,1972.1-80.
L.Wright, "Functions",
Philosophical Review 82,1973.
reprinted in M.Grene and E.Mendelsohn eds., Topics in the
Philosophy of Biology, Dordrecht, 1976.
reprinted in E.Sober ed.,Conceptual Issues in Evolutionary
Biology, Cambridge,Mass.,1984, 2nd ed.,Cambridge,Mass.,1994.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
reprinted in D.J.Buller ed.,
Function, Selection, and Design, Albany,1999.
E.Mayr, "Teleologica and Teleonomic",
Boston Studies in the Philosophy of Science 14,1974.
"The Multiple Meaning of Teleological", adapted from above
in E.Mayr, Towards a New Philosophy of Biology, Cambridge, Mass.,1988.
「目的論的という用語の多様な意味」八杉貞雄・新妻昭夫訳『進化論と生物哲学』東京化学同人,1994.
D.L.Hull, Philosophy of Biological Science, Englewood Cliffs,1974.ch.4.
木原弘二訳『生物学の科学』培風館,1985.
R.Cummins,
"Functional Analysis",
Journal of Philosophy 72,1975.
reprinted with addition in E.Sober ed.,Conceptual Issues in
Evolutionary Biology, Cambridge,Mass.,1984, 2nd ed.,Cambridge,Mass.,1994.
reprinted in B.A.Brody and R.E. Grandy eds., Readings in
the Philosophy of Science, Englewood Cliffs, 1989.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
reprinted in D.J.Buller ed., Function,
Selection, and Design, Albany,1999.
B.A.Brody, "The Reduction of Teleological Sciences",
American Philosophical Quarterly 12,1975.
reprinted
in B.A.Brody and R.E. Grandy eds., Readings in the Philosophy of
Science, Englewood Cliffs, 1989.
R. A. Hinde, "The Concept of Function",
in G.Baerends eds., Function and
Evolution in Behavior, Oxford,1975.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
C. Boorse, "On the Distinction between Disease and Illness",
Philosophy and Public Affairs 5,1975.
C. Boorse, "Wright on Functions",
Philosophical Review 85,1976.
reprinted in E.Sober ed.,Conceptual Issues in Evolutionary
Biology, Cambridge,Mass.,1984.
C. Boorse, "What a Theory of Mental Halth should be",
Journal of the Theory of Social Behaviour 6, 1976.
L. Wright, Teleological Explanation, Berkeley,1976.
A. Woodfield, Teleology, Cambridge,1976.
F. Ayala, "Teleological Explanation",
in T.Dobzhansky ed.,Evolution,
San Francisco,1977.
reprinted in Michael Ruse ed., Philosophy of Biology, New
York,1989, Amherst, 1998.
C. Boorse, "Health as a Theoretical Concept",
Philosophy of Science 44,
1977.
E. Nagel, "Teleology Revisited",
Journal of Philosophy 74,1977.
reprinted in E.Nagel, Teleology Revisited and Other Essays in the Philosophy
and History of Science, New York,1979.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
P. Achinstein, "Functional Statements",
Philosophy of Science 44,1977.
M. B. Williams, "The Logical Structure of Functional Explanation in
Biology",
in F. Suppe eds., PSA 1976,vol.1, 1977.
A. C. Purton, "Biological Function",
Philosophical Quarterly 29,1979.
F.G.Adams, "A Goal-State Theory of Function
Attributions",
Canadian Journal of Philosophy 9, 1979.
B.Enç,
"Function Attributions and Functional Explanation",
Philosophy of Science 46, 1979.
1980s
R. N. Brandon, "Biological Teleology: Questions and Explanations",
Studies in the History and Philosophy of Science 12,1981.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
M. Ruse, "Teleology Redux",
in J.Agassi and R.S.Cohen eds.,Scientific
Philosophy Today, Dordrecht, 1982.
reprinted in B.A.Brody and R.E. Grandy eds., Readings in
the Philosophy of Science, Englewood Cliffs, 1989.
G. V. Lauder, "Historical Biology and the Problems; of Design",
Journal of Theoretical Biology 97,1982.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
S. J. Gould and E. S. Vrba, "Exaptation─A Missing Term in the Science of
Form",
Paleobiology 8,1982.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
E.Mayr, "The Concept of Finality in Darwin and after Darwin",
Scientia 118,1983.
reprinted in E.Mayr, Towards a New Philosophy of Biology, Cambridge, Mass.,1988.
「ダーウィンとダーウィン以降の目的因」 八杉貞雄・新妻昭夫訳『進化論と生物哲学』東京化学同人,1994.
P.J.Kramer, "Misuse of the Term Strategy",
Bioscience 34,1984.
reprinted in Michael Ruse ed., Philosophy of Biology, New
York,1989, Amherst: Prometheus Books,1998.
R. G. Millikan,
Language,
Thought, and Other Biological Categories, 1984.
reprinted as "Proper Function", in
D.J.Buller ed., Function, Selection, and Design,
Albany,1999.
E.Sober, "Panglossian Functionalism and the Philosophy of Mind",
Synthese 64,1985.
excerpt reprinted as "Putting the Functionalism Back into
Functionalism"in W. Lycan ed., Mind and Cognition: A Reader,
Oxford, 1990.
E.Prior, "What is Wrong with Etiological Accounts of Biological Function
?",
Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 66,1985.
J.Bigelow and R.Pargetter, "Functions",
Journal of Philosophy 84,1987.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
reprinted in D.J.Buller ed., Function,
Selection, and Design, Albany,1999.
C.Gans,"Adaptation and the Form-Function Relation",
American Zoologist
28,
1988.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
F. Jackson and P. Pettit, "Fuctionalism and Broad Content",
Mind 47,1988.
E. Levy, "Networks and Teleology",
Canadian Journal of Philosophy
18(Supp.14),
1988.
M. Matthen,. "Biological Functions and Perceptual Content",
. Journal of Philosophy 85, 1988.
R. G. Millikan, "In
Defense of Proper Functions",
Philosophy of Science 56,1989.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
R. G. Millikan, "An Ambiguity in the Notion 'Function'",
Biology and
Philosophy
4,1989.
reprinted in D.J.Buller ed.,
Function, Selection, and Design, Albany,1999.
S. Mitchell, "The Causal Background of Functional Explanation",
International
Studies in the Philosophy of Science
3,1989.
W.Bechtel, "Functional Analyses and their Justification",
Biology and Philosophy 4,1989.
W.C.Salmon, Four Decade Decades of Scientific Explanation,
Minneapolis,1989. 1.3, 3.8.
1990s
M. Bedau, "Against Mentalism in Teleology",
American Philosophical Quarterly
27, 1990.
M. Bedau,"Can Biological Teleology be Naturalized ?",
Journal of Philosophy
88, 1991.
M. Bedau and N.Packard, "Measurement of Evolutionary Activity, Teleology, and Life",
in C. Langton et al. eds., Artificial Life II, Redwood City,1991.
K. Neander, "Functions as Selected Effects: The Conceptual Analysis
Defence",
Philosophy of Science 58,1991.(Hull,Introd)
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
K. Neander, "The Teleological Notion of `Function'",
Australasian Journal of Philosophy 69,1991.
reprinted in D.J.Buller ed.,
Function, Selection, and Design, Albany,1999.
James G. Lennox, "Teleology",
in E. F. Keller and E. A. Lloyd eds., Key Words in Evolutionary
Biology, Cambridge, Mass., 1992.
B.Enç and F.Adams,"Functions and Goal-Directedness",
Philosophy of Science 59,
1992.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
M. Bedau, "Where's the Good in Teleology ?",
Philosophy and Phenomenological Research 52,1992.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
M. Bedau, "Goal-Directed Systems and the Good",
The Monist 75, 1992.
M. Bedau, "Naturalism and Teleology",
in S.Warner and R.Wagner eds., Naturalism: A Critical Appraisal, Notre Dame,1992.
K.Schaffner, Discovery and Explanation in Biology and Medicine, Chicago,1993.Ch.8.
S. Mitchell, "Dispositions or Etiologies ? A Comment on Bigelow and Pargetter",
Journal of Philosophy 90,1993.
R.Amundson and G.V.Lauder, "Function without Purpose: The Use of Causal
Role
Function in Evolutionary Biology",
Biology and Philosophy 9,1993-94.
reprinted in D.L.Hull and M.Ruse eds., The Philosophy of
Biology, Oxford,1998.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
P. Kitcher, "Function and Design",
Midwest Studies in Philosophy 18,1993.
reprinted in D.L.Hull and M.Ruse eds., The Philosophy of
Biology, Oxford,1998.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
reprinted in D.J.Buller ed.,
Function, Selection, and Design, Albany,1999.
P.E.Griffiths, "Functional Analysis and Proper Functions",
British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 44,1993.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
reprinted in D.J.Buller ed., Function,
Selection, and Design, Albany,1999.
P.Godfrey-Smith, "Function: Consensus without Unity",
74,1993.
reprinted in D.L.Hull and M.Ruse eds., The Philosophy of
Biology, Oxford,1998.
reprinted in D.J.Buller ed.,
Function, Selection, and Design, Albany,1999.
P.Godfrey-Smith, "A Modern History Theory of Functions",
Nous 28,1994.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
reprinted in D.J.Buller ed., Function,
Selection, and Design, Albany,1999.
S. Mitchell, "Function, Fitness and Disposition",
Biology and Philosophy 10,
1995.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
K.Neander, "Misrepresenting and Malfunctioning",
Philosophical Studies
79,1995.
reprinted as "Malfunctioning" (excerpted) in
D.J.Buller ed., Function, Selection, and Design,
Albany,1999.
C.Price, "Functional Explanations and Natural Norms",
Ratio ns 7, 1995.
R. Goode and P. E. Griffiths, "The Misuse of Sober's Selection for/
Selection of
Distinction", 10,1995.
reprinted in D.J.Buller ed.,
Function, Selection, and Design, Albany,1999.
C.Allen and M.Bekoff, "Biological Function, Adaptation, and Natural
Design",
Philosophy of Science 62,1995.
reprinted in C.Allen et al.
eds., Nature's Purposes, Cambridge, Mass., 1998.
reprinted in D.J.Buller ed., Function,
Selection, and Design, Albany,1999.
C.Allen and M.Bekoff, "Function,Natural Design,and Animal behavior",
in N.S.Thomson ed., Perspectives in Ethology 11,1995.
D.Walsh and A.Ariew, "A Taxonomy of Functions",
Canadian Journal of Philosophy
26,1996.
reprinted in D.J.Buller ed.,
Function, Selection, and Design, Albany,1999.
D.Walsh,
"Fitness and Function",
British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 47,1996.
P.Melander, Analyzing Functions: An Essay on a Fundamental Notion in
Biology, Stockholm, 1997.
D.J.Buller,
"Individualism and Evolutionary Psychology (or: In Defense of 'Narrow'
Functions)",
Philosophy of Science 64, 1997.
M.Matthen, "Teleology and the Product Analogy",
Australasian Journal of Philosophy 75, 1997.
R. N. Manning, "Biological Function, Selection, and Reduction",
British Journal for the Philosophy of Science
48,1997.
D.J.Buller,"Etiological Theories of Function: A Geographical Survey",
Biology and Philosophy 13,1998.
reprinted in D.J.Buller ed.,
Function, Selection, and Design, Albany,1999.
D.L.Hull, "Introduction to Part IV",
in D.L.Hull and M.Ruse eds., The Philosophy of Biology, Oxford,1998.
C.Allen, M.Bekoff and G.Lauder eds.,
Nature's Purposes: Analyses of Function and Design in Biology, Cambridge,Mass.,1998.
P.Godfrey-Smith, "Adaptionism
and the Power of Selection",
Biology and Philosophy 14,1999.
R.G.Millikan, "Wings, Spoons, Pills, and Quills",
Journal of Philosophy 96, 1999.
P.H.Schwartz, "Proper Function and Recent Selection",
Philosophy of Science 66, 1999.
K.Neander,"Functions and Teleology",
in V.G.Hardcastle ed.,When Biology Meets Psychology,
Cambridge,Mass.,1999.
V.G.Hardcastle, "Understanding Functions: A pragmatic
Approach",
in V.G.Hardcastle ed.,When Biology Meets Psychology,
Cambridge,Mass.,1999.
D.J.Buller ed.,
Function,
Selection, and Design, Albany,1999.
D.J.Buller, "Natural Teleology",
in D.J.Buller ed., Function, Selection,
and Design, Albany,1999.
2000s
R.Amundson, "Against Normal Function",
Studies in the History and Philosophical Biology and Biomedical
Science 31, 2000.
Andre Ariew, Robert
Cummins and Mark Perlman eds., Functions: New Essays in the Philosophy
of Psychology and Biology, Oxford, 2002.
[
Andre Ariew and Mark Perlman: Introduction
History of Teleology and functional explanation: from Socrates to Darwin
and Beyond
1 Andre Ariew: Platonic and Aristotelian Roots of Teleological
Arguments in Cosmology and Biology
2 Michael Ruse: Evolutionary Biology and Teleological Thinking
Analysis: Functional Explanations Today
3 Christopher Boorse: A Rebuttal on
Functions
4 Ruth Millikan: Biofunctions: Two Paradigms
5 Valerie Gray Hardcastle: On the Normativity of Functions
6 Robert Cummins: Neo-Teleology
7 William Wimsatt: Functional Organization, Analogy, and Inference
8 David J. Buller: Function and Design Revisited
9 Peter H. Schwartz: The Continuing Usefulness Account of Proper Function
Teleosemantics
10 Mark Perlman: Pagan Teleology: Adaptational Role and the
Philosophy of Mind
11 Berent Enc: Indeterminacy of Function Attributions
12 D. M. Walsh: Brentano's Chestnuts
Related Issues
13 Mohan Matthen: Human Rationality and the Unique Origin
Constraint
14 Colin Allen: Real Traits, Real Functions?
15 Karen Neander: Types of Traits: Function, structure, and homology in
the classification of traits ]
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